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Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Surrounded by freshly lit faggots, Flower ("Lord receiue my spirite." ["Lord receive my spirit."]) stands against a stake and raises his arms upward. Workers add new faggots to the pyre. Flower's right hand has been cut off and impaled on a spear, and his wrist bleeds at its stump. A man on horse... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed women fold their hands in prayer as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate the burning of Agnes Pote[n] and Jone Trunchfeld (at Ipswich) (sig. FFFFf6v, p. 1893) and Margaret Thurston and Agnes Bongeor (at Colchester) (sig. RRRRr4r, p. 2020). L... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed women fold their hands in prayer as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the third edition (1576) to illustrate the burning of Agnes Potten and Joane Trunchfield (at Ipswich) (sig. AAAAa2r, p. 1787) and Margaret Thurston and Agnes Bongeor (at Colchester) (sig. LLLLl5r [left], p. 1... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed women fold their hands in prayer as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the second edition (1570) to illustrate the burning of Agnes Potten and Joan Trunchfield (at Ipswich) (sig. FFFFf1v, p. 2072) and Margaret Thurston and Agnes Bongeor (at Colchester) (sig. SSSSs1v, p. 2216). L... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed and bearded men burn at the stake. The martyr on the left rests his left arm on the shoulder of the right martyr, and both martyrs raise an arm upward. The martyrs gaze at each other as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate the burning of Rob... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed and bearded men burn at the stake. The martyr on the left rests his left arm on the shoulder of the right martyr, and both martyrs raise an arm upward. The martyrs gaze at each other as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the third edition (1576) to illustrate the burning of Robe... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed and bearded men burn at the stake. The martyr on the left rests his left arm on the shoulder of the right martyr, and both martyrs raise an arm upward. The martyrs gaze at each other as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the second edition (1570) to illustrate the burning of Rob... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An unclothed man and woman burn back to back at a stake. This woodcut appears in the first (1563) and second (1570) editions to illustrate the burning of Simon Miller and Elizabeth Cooper at Norwich. It appears in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate the burning of Alexander Gouch and Alice Dr... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Flames engulf three unclothed women, who burn at the stake in this pathetic scene. An infant emerges from the womb of the central woman, and she spreads her arms in helplessness. A cleric directs the worker tending the fire, and a crowd of soldiers and other officials observes the execution. Thes... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An angry priest flogs Pye and Mendham, who carry tapers, are dressed in loincloth, and walk barefoot with their heads bowed. This woodcut appears only in the second edition (1570). In the third (1576) and fourth (1583) editions, it is replaced by "Bishop Bonner scourges a penitent" in this collec... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Flames engulf Haukes ("O Lord, Receiue my spirite." ["O Lord, receive my spirit"]), who burns outside Coxehall in Essex. Haukes raises his arms above his head and gazes upward as he slumps against his chain. A man on horseback supervises the execution, and a crowd of soldiers and alarmed civilian... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Following his arrest, Thomas Cranmer ("L. Receiue my spirit" ["Lord receive my spirit"]) burns at the stake outside Oxford. Cranmer punishes his right hand in the fire because it had signed a statement that recanted his Protestant belief prior to his execution. A friar (identified xylographically... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Cranmer stands in a fire on a small platform. He thrusts his right hand into the blaze in order to punish the hand that temporarily recanted his Protestant belief prior to his execution. A worker tends the fire on Cranmer's left, while a crowd of soldiers and others observes from a distance. Cran... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: On the eve of his execution, Bilney points to an open Bible with his left hand and extends his right hand into a candle flame, which radiates brightly. Bilney behaves in this manner to prepare himself for martyrdom. His cell companion observes from bed. This woodcut appears in the first through f... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Surrounded by faggots, eleven martyrs stand back to back against three stakes. Two women stand untied among them. Some martyrs gesture in prayer, and others extend their arms outward from their bodies. Workers prepare the pyre, and a soldier attempts to keep an active crowd, some of whom observe ... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Even though this image contains six martyrs, Foxe uses it to illustrate the 1557 burning of ten martyrs at Lewes. The six martyrs, both women and men, burn at three stakes. Four of them fold their hands in prayer. A fifth, at the rear, raises his arms above his head, and a sixth, at the far left,... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: A jailor ("Gaoler" ["Jailor"]) guards Bradford ("Bradford."), while Spanish friars question him in his cell. One friar ("Alphon.") questions Bradford directly, and a second friar ("confessor.") and a priest stand behind the first friar. Bradford carries a book, which symbolizes a Bible, in his ri... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Soldiers forcibly march a group of old and young men and women who have been tied together. As they pass by on their journey to London for interrogation by Bishop Edmund Bonner, a figure looks down from the window of a dilapidated building. A cartouche above the prisoners displays the following v... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two soldiers each drag a man along the ground on his back. The men are bound with rope. The soldier in the foreground raises his rope above his head with his right hand and pulls the Christian by the wrists, while the Christian looks upward. A second soldier drags a second man by the ankles, whil... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Five out of these six burning martyrs fold their hands in prayer or raise them outward. This woodcut appears five times in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate the burning of W. Coker. W. Hoopper, Henry Laurence, Rich. Colliar, R. Wright, and W. Stere (at Canterbury) (sig. LLLL6r, p. 1688); Ch... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Five out of these six burning martyrs fold their hands in prayer or raise them outward. This woodcut appears five times in the third edition (1576) to illustrate the burning of William Coker, William Hopper, Henry Laurence, Rich. Colliar, Rich. Wright and Wil. Stere (at Canterbury) (sig. GGGG4r, ... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Five out of these six burning martyrs fold their hands in prayer or raise them outward. This woodcut appears five times in the second edition (1570) to illustrate the burning of W. Coker, W. Hopper, Henr. Laurence, Rich. Colliar, R. Wright, and W. Stere (at Canterbury) (sig. LLLL1v, p. 1868); Chr... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Three female martyrs on the left side of the image hold their hands before them in prayer. One of the three men, at right center, holds his arms away from his body. A second man, at the far right, prays with folded hands outstretched. All six martyrs are clothed. This woodcut appears twice in the... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Three female martyrs on the left side of the image hold their hands before them in prayer. One of the three men, at right center, holds his arms away from his body. A second man, at the far right, prays with folded hands outstretched. All six martyrs are clothed. This woodcut appears twice in the... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Three female martyrs on the left side of the image hold their hands before them in prayer. One of the three men, at right center, holds his arms away from his body. A second man, at the far right, prays with folded hands outstretched. All six martyrs are clothed. This woodcut appears twice in the... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Oldcastle stands under an arch, dressed in Roman armor. He carries a sword in his right hand and extends a shield, which bears a crucifix, in his left. This woodcut appears only in the 1559 Latin edition. No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (2.23 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Oldcastle hangs chained from a gallows and suspended over a burning pyre. Workers tend the fire, and a supervisor leads his horse nearby. A large crowd of civilians, clerics, and monks observes; some of these figures express alarm, and others express mockery. This woodcut appears in the first thr... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Surrounded by faggots, seven figures stand back to back and against three stakes. The central man is bound at the waist, and the man on his left extends his arm upward. As men on horseback direct the execution from either side, a worker prepares additional faggots and a crowd of soldiers observes... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: This map of England displays rivers and the political division of the country among seven Saxon kingdoms plus Scotland, Wales, and Gaul. Dotted lines designate territorial boundaries. Xylographic type identifies each kingdom on the woodcut in Latin (L) and Anglo-Saxon (AS) script, and the woodcut... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Seven Coventry martyrs burn at three stakes. Six of the seven gesture with their hands, sometimes in prayer. The two men at the far right and the woman at the left all stand in profile, and the four central figures stand back to back. The third martyr from the left, a woman, gazes upward. Even th... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: The cartouche surrounding these crowned Arms contains the motto of the Order of the Garter and English Arms, "Honi soit qui mal y pence" ["Shame to him who thinks evil of it"]. "Vivat Re[gina]." ["Long live the queen"] in flag above; "E.R." ["Elizabetha Regina" / "Elizabeth, queen"] flanking bes... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Nightingall, whom Foxe identifies as a Roman Catholic parson at Crondall in Kent, falls from his pulpit and into his congregation. The death supposedly occurs while the tonsured Nightingall had preached that the pope has authority to pardon sins. According to Foxe, his death demonstrates providen... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Leading a prison Bible study, Smith sits on a stool and places his right hand on an open Bible. A man behind Smith folds his hands in prayer, while Smith instructs four others who share the cell with him. Among his audience, one holds an open Bible and one carries a Bible in his left hand. A fift... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: King, Debnam, and Marsh hang by the chest from three separate gallows. They suffer for allegedly destroying a rood, which burns in the foreground. The cross contains a life-size crucifix and the designation, "IHS" ("J[esus] H[ominorum] S[alvator]" ["Jesus, savior of mankind"]). A crowd of soldier... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Soldiers prepare to light the fire that will consume Barnes, Garret, and Jerome, who stand among faggots. This execution transpires at Smithfield, a location outside London wall that witnessed heresy executions during the reigns of Henry VIII and Mary I. A richly dressed man supervises from horse... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Hunne hangs dead from a ceiling beam in Lollards' Tower, an episcopal prison at St. Paul's Cathedral in London, while his three alleged murderers exit. One murderer, who holds keys to the cell, blows out a candle on his way out. Foxe argues that Hunne was murdered before being hanged, but this th... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Flanked by John Day, Foxe, and, possibly, Sir William Cecil, Queen Elizabeth I sits enthroned over the pope, who holds broken keys of his office. An initial "C" frames her in the style of a cornucopia. The dais on which the queen sits contains the xylographic identification, "Elisabetha Regina" [... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An elderly woman, whom Foxe identifies as "Prest's wife," burns at the stake. She gazes upward and extends her hands outward in prayer. The martyrdom occurs near Exeter. This woodcut appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/103. JPEG file (... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Justice stands blindfolded on a pedestal in this iconoclastic Protestant allegory. She grasps a sword in her right hand and scales in her left, which symbolize her authority and her impartiality. On the left side of the image, Christ (designated by a nimbus) and his followers, all of whom are bar... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: The obverse of this medal presents the right side of Hus's face in profile ("Credo unam esse ecclesiam sanctam Catholicam. Io. Hus Anno A. Christo [condem]nato 1415" ["I believe there is one holy Catholic church. John Hus, convicted in the year of Christ 1415"]). The reverse depicts Jerome tied t... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: A chained woman burns at the stake. She faces toward the left of the image and clasps her hands in prayer. This woodcut illustrates the burning of Cicelie Ormes (at Norwich) in the third (1576) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/20. JPEG file (3.73 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An unclothed man burns at the stake. He raises his arms and positions his palms outward. This woodcut appears once in the second edition (1570) to illustrate the burning of William Sawtre (sig. Hh3v, p. 618). It does not appear in the third (1576) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 1... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An unclothed man burns at the stake. He raises his arms and positions his palms outward. This woodcut appears twice in the first edition (1563), near Foxe's discussion of the burning of William Sautrey (sig. O5v, p. 142) and "the story of Thomas Rhedon a french man, and a Carmelite friar burnt in... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Martin Bucer and Paul Fagius were continental Protestant theologians who migrated to England during the reign of Edward VI in order to escape Catholic persecution in Europe. Both died during the period of Edward's rule, at Cambridge, but religious authorities under Queen Mary exhumed their remain... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: As Margery Polley burns, she gazes upward and crosses her arms at her chest. She is fully clothed. The martyrdom occurs at Tonbridge. This woodcut appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/73. JPEG file (4.06 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two sets of Lollard martyrs hang over flames, from two separate gallows, while soldiers tend the fire under each gallows. A man on horseback directs the execution, which occurs during the first year of the reign of King Henry V (1413). This woodcut appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and ... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: In anticipation of martyrdom, Saunders stands among faggots and raises his arms upward. An executioner nails Saunders's chain to the stake, and a richly dressed man supervises the execution from horseback. Protesting civilians and others join a group of soldiers in observing the execution. A sold... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: King John of England kneels and yields his crown to Pandulphus, the papal legate, who sits in a presence chamber on a slightly raised dais. Bishops and monks observe with approval, but others (presumably laity) do so with suspicion. A cityscape is visible beyond a colonnade. This woodcut is the e... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: This composite, full-page woodcut insert illustrates the poisoning of John, King of England. In the upper right, a Swinstead Abbey monk ("Ego absoluo te &c." ["I absolve you, etc."]) absolves another monk, in advance, of the guilt he will incur when he poisons the king. In the lower right, the mo... -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: In this iconoclastic woodcut allegory of the English Reformation, King Henry VIII sits enthroned on a raised dais over Pope Clement VII ("P. Clem" [Pope Clement]), whose tiara lies discarded before him. John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester ("B. Fisher" [Bishop Fisher]) bends over the pope, while Card...