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Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: In anticipation of his imminent execution, Laurence raises his arms. Soldiers bring faggots for the fire and children observe, while other soldiers observe from the rear. The martyrdom occurs at Colchester in Essex. Foxe praises the children for praying for Laurence and attributes such a response to the "godly" instruction of their parents. See also "Martyr burns in an iron chair" in this collection. This woodcut appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/64. JPEG file (3.95 MB). Subject: Crowds, Death by burning, Church history, Executions and executioners, Martyrdom, Christianity, History, and Laurence, John, -1555 Time Period: 16th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image -
Contributing Institution: Ohio State University Libraries and Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library Description: This woodcut image depicts selected reforms of the English church that transpired during the reign of King Edward VI. Priests and tonsured friars carry censing bells, mass books, crucifixes, and other allegedly dangerous objects of Roman Catholic devotion from a church ("The Temple well purged") and load them onto a waiting ship ("The ship of the Romish Church" ["The ship of the Roman Church"]; "Shippe ouer your trinkets and be packing ye Papistes" ["Ship over your trinkets and be packing you papists"]; "The Papistes packing away their paultrye" ["The papists packing away their paltry"]). Iconoclasts burn images ("Burning of Images") and pull statues from the church wall in the background. In the lower left, King Edward carries a sword that symbolizes his authority as Supreme Head of the Church of England, a title first assumed by Henry VIII. Edward delivers a Bible ("Biblia" [Bible]) to his attendants, an action which alludes to the royal support of vernacular Bible reading that appears in "King Edward VI receives a book" and "King Henry VIII sits enthroned over Pope Clement VII" in this collection. The initials "E[dwardus] 6. R[ex]" ["King Edward VI"] appear on Edward's throne. In the lower right, a preacher delivers a sermon to a congregation of men and women, who read from open Bibles. Nearby rest a communion table ("The Co[m]munion Table") and a baptismal font, which is in use. These objects symbolize the Edwardian church's rejection of the other five Roman Catholic sacraments. This portion of the image echoes a similar portrayal on the title page woodcut of the Book of Martyrs. "English Reformation under King Edward VI" introduces Foxe's discussion of Edward's reign in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/57. JPEG file (3.78 MB). Subject: Protestant churches, Edward VI, King of England, 1537-1553, Theology, Doctrinal, Politics and government, Church history, Iconoclasm, Catholic Church, and History Time Period: 1547-1553 and 16th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image and Text -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: In this iconoclastic woodcut allegory of the English Reformation, King Henry VIII sits enthroned on a raised dais over Pope Clement VII ("P. Clem" [Pope Clement]), whose tiara lies discarded before him. John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester ("B. Fisher" [Bishop Fisher]) bends over the pope, while Cardinal Reginald Pole ("Pole D" [Doctor Pole]) looks up at Henry from the king's left. Thomas Cromwell ("Cromwe" [Cromwell]), Henry's vicegerent for religious affairs, and Thomas Cranmer ("Cranmer"), Archbishop of Canterbury, receive the English Bible from Henry, who holds a sword that symbolizes his temporal authority over the church. The presence of the sword and the book in this image echoes similar designs that appear on title pages of vernacular English Bibles, which were published with crown approval in the 1530s. Alarmed, the Catholic clergy mourn Clement's fall, while other courtiers observe from both sides of the throne. The Royal Arms above Henry's head accentuates the king's newfound primacy over the Church of Rome. This woodcut appears in the second (1570) and third (1576) editions at Foxe's discussion of the Act of Supremacy (1534), which legalized Henry's authority as Supreme Head of the Church of England. The image appears in the fourth edition (1583) at the opening of Foxe's discussion of Henry's entire reign, replacing "King Henry VIII sits in his council chamber with advisers" in that location. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/48. JPEG file (3.98 MB). Subject: Protestant churches, Theology, Doctrinal, Clement VII, Pope, 1478-1534, Clergy, Church history, Catholic Church, Authority--Religious aspects, History, and Henry VIII, King of England, 1491-1547 Time Period: 16th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image and Text -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: RERVM IN ECCLESIA GEstarum, quæ postremis & periculosis his temporibus euenerunt, maximarumq[ue]; per Europam persecutionum, ac Sanctorum Dei Martyrum, cæterarumq[ue]; rerum si quæ insignioris exempli sint, digesti per Regna & nationes Commentarii. PARS PRIMA In qua primum de rebus per Angliam & Scotiam gestis, atq[ue] in primis de horrenda, sub MARIA nuper Regina, persecutione, narratio continetur. Autore IOANNE FOXO Anglo. BASILEAE, PER NICOLAUM BRYLINGERUM, ET IOANnem Oporinum. [Commentary of matters happening in the church which follow in these latter and dangerous times and of great persecution through Europe and of the Holy Martyrs of God, and of certain matters, whatever might be of significant example, digested for the sake of the Queen and the Nation. Part one, in which first is contained a narration of matters happening throughout England and Scotland, and in particular of the horrible persecution under Mary, once Queen. By the author John Foxe Englishman. At Basle, through (i.e., imprinted by) Nicholaus Brylinger and Johannes Oporinus]. No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (1.2 MB). Subject: Mary I, Queen of England, 1516-1558, Church history, Martyrdom, Christianity, Oporinus, Johannes, 1507-1568, Elizabeth I, Queen of England, 1533-1603, and Foxe, John, 1516-1587 Language: Latin Time Period: 16th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image and Text -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Flanked by John Day, Foxe, and, possibly, Sir William Cecil, Queen Elizabeth I sits enthroned over the pope, who holds broken keys of his office. An initial "C" frames her in the style of a cornucopia. The dais on which the queen sits contains the xylographic identification, "Elisabetha Regina" ["Queen Elizabeth"]. Elizabeth carries a sword and orb, which symbolize her authority, while serpents entwine the pope as symbols of the alleged "error" of Roman Catholicism. This illustration opens Foxe's dedication to Queen Elizabeth. The text of the dedication evolves over the first four editions of the Book of Martyrs to reflect Foxe's changing views concerning the status of Protestantism in England. The illustration appears in the first through fourth editions (1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583). No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (538 KB). Subject: Satire--Religious aspects, Day, John, 1522-1584, Church history, Christianity, Elizabeth I, Queen of England, 1533-1603, Authority--Religious aspects, History, and Foxe, John, 1516-1587 Time Period: 16th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image and Text -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: COMMENTARII RERVM IN ECCLESIA GEstarum, maximarumq[ue], per totam Europam, persecutionum, a Vuicleui temporibus ad hanc usq[ue] ætate[m] descriptio. Liber primus. Autore Ioanne Foxo Anglo. HIIS IN CALCE ACCESSErunt Aphorismi Ioannis Vuicleui, cum collectaneis quibusdam, Reginaldi Pecoki Episcopi Cicestrensis. Item, Opistographia quædam ad Oxonienses. ARGENTORATI Excudebat Vuendelinus Rihelius Anno M.D. LIIII. [Commentary of matters happening in the church and a description of great persecution throughout all of Europe from the time of Wycliffe to this age. Book one. By the author John Foxe Englishman. Added to these in the end are the Aphorisms of John Wycliffe with a collection of certain writings by Reginald Pecock, Bishop of Chichester. Also, a postscript to men of Oxford. Wendelin Rihel imprinted in Strasbourg in the year 1554]. No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (2.85 MB). Subject: Wycliffe, John, -1384, Church history, Persecution, History, Pecock, Reginald, 1395?-1460?, and Foxe, John, 1516-1587 Time Period: 15th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Latimer ("M. Latimer." ["Master Latimer"]) preaches from a large open-air pulpit, which has been erected in the Privy Garden at Whitehall Palace. Among his audience is King Edward VI ("K. Edward." ["King Edward"]), who listens, with three others, from indoors at a window at the left of the image. The woman who reads an open Bible at Latimer's feet may allude to Catherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk, who funded the activities of Latimer and other English Protestant evangelicals during Edward's reign. This woodcut appears in the first through fourth editions (1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583), but John Day first uses it in his edition of Latimer's 27 sermons (London: John Day, 1562). Luborsky and Ingram 11222/37, 11223/80, 15276/1. JPEG file (1.01 MB). Subject: Edward VI, King of England, 1537-1553, Church history, Preaching, Latimer, Hugh, 1485?-1555, History, Bible reading, and Suffolk, Catherine Willoughby Brandon, Duchess of, 1519-1580 Time Period: 16th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image and Text -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: In the backdrop behind this ornamental capital "E," an enthroned King Edward VI holds a sword in his right hand as a symbol of his authority. As attendants observe, the king receives a book from a kneeling courtier. The image echoes portrayals of King Henry VIII delivering the vernacular Bible to his subjects on the title pages of works such as the Coverdale (1535) and Great (1539) Bibles, as well as "King Henry VIII sits enthroned over Pope Clement VII" in this collection. The illustration also evokes the figure of John Bale, a radical English Protestant antiquarian and polemicist who oversaw the placement of a similar picture in his bibliography of British writers, the Illustrium Maioris Britanniae Scriptorum . . . Summarium [Summary of Illustrious Writers of Great Britain] (1548). Bale hoped that the image would earn him patronage under Edward. He shared exile with Foxe during the reign of Mary I. This woodcut appears only in the first edition (1563); "English Reformation under King Edward VI" replaces it in subsequent editions, beginning with the second (1570). The image also appears in folio Bibles that John Day published during Edward's reign. No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (185 KB). Subject: Edward VI, King of England, 1537-1553, Patronage, Political, Politics and government, Church history, Christianity, and Authority--Religious aspects Time Period: 1547-1553 and 16th century Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image -
Creator: Hogue, Harland E. (Harland Edwin), 1908-1999 Date: 1965 Contributing Institution: Graduate Theological Union Description: The history of the Pacific School of Religion, founded in 1866 as Pacific Theological Seminary, as an attempt by a group of New Englanders to establish an inter-denominational theological school in the San Francisco Bay Area. The school was founded in San Francisco, moved to Oakland in 1870 and to Berkeley in 1901. BV4070.P36 H6 Subject: Theology, Pacific School of Religion, Pacific Theological Seminary, Church history, and Pacific Coast Language: English Publisher: Pacific School of Religion Format (Digital): PDF Type: Text -
Contributing Institution: Yale University Divinity School Library Description: Map showing cities and regions of Europe during the time of Charlemagne. 1894. JPG file (919 KB) Subject: Church history Format (Original): Maps (documents) Time Period: 600-1500 Format (Digital): JPEG Type: Still Image