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Engravings from the Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
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Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the sixth of nine illustrating the blessing and consecration of a virgin. The bishop places a crown of leaves, symbolizing the excellence of virginity, on the head of each nun as she kneels before him -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the third of nine illustrating the blessing and consecration of a virgin. Now fully vested in the habit, the nuns kneel in a circle before the bishop -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the second of nine illustrating the blessing and consecration of a virgin. In a series of prayers, the bishop blesses the various pieces of clothing that make up the habit of the nun. Here, the nuns kneel before the bishop, having taken off their secular clothing and donned pa... -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Leading out a group of armed guards with torches, Judas Iscariot betrays Jesus with a kiss; Simon Peter stands with sword raised above one of the guards, who kneels on the ground with his lantern -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the last in a series of twelve illustrating the consecration of a bishop. The ceremony of bestowal of the pallium must take place in the new bishop’s own diocese. The pallium is a long woolen cloth embroidered with six small black crosses sent to the bishop by the pope. Here t... -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the last in a series of nine illustrating the blessing of a monk as an abbot. The new abbot, wearing a mitre and holding a crozier, kneels before the presiding bishop in front of the altar for the bishop’s final blessing -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the sixth in a series of nine illustrating the blessing of a monk as an abbot. The new abbot kneels before the bishop, seated on his throne, and receives a copy of the Rule of his order from the bishop. His fellow monks stand in witness to this -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the fourth in a series of nine illustrating the blessing of a monk as an abbot. The abbot prostrates himself before the altar on which rests the book of the Gospels. The bishop and assistant abbots kneel before the altar. The community of monks stand as witnesses -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the eighth in a series of nine illustrating the blessing of a monk as an abbot. The presiding bishop places a mitre on the head of the new abbot who kneels before him -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the third in a series of nine illustrating the blessing of a monk as an abbot. The new abbot, now wearing vestments and cope, kneels before the presiding bishop. The bishop presents the book of the Gospels to him and he touches it with his hands. The community of monks stand a... -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the seventh in a series of nine illustrating the blessing of a monk as an abbot. Seated on his throne, the presiding bishop offers a crozier to the new abbot while his community looks on -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This engraving is the fifth in a series of nine illustrating the blessing of a monk as an abbot. The abbot, wearing alb and chasuble, kneels before the presiding bishop who lays his hands on the abbot’s head to bless him -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: An inside scene, four guards beat the seated and blindfolded Jesus Christ. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Jesus Christ is bound to a pillar and beaten by three guards. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Towering above several men on their knees is the first beast with its ten horns and seven heads. A second beast has the appearance of a lamb. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The seven-headed beast (with crowns on the heads) emerges from the sea. Kneeling nearby are the saints, one with a sword, and a bull, and a cloud and lightenings are overhead. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: A rendering of the ascension of Jesus with the disciples looking on. The artist of these engravings was the monogrammist HA -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: As the disciples kneel, Jesus ascends into heaven, leaving only his footprints on the ground below -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The disciples are gathered at the mountain from which Jesus ascended -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Ark of the Covenant with the cherubim on top and poles at the sides -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Matthew stands with book and spear in hand, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the clouds at the upper left. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Simon, the Zealot stands with book in hand and his attribute the saw, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by being sawn in two. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the upper right -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Philip stands with a staff with a cross at its head, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by crucifixion. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the clouds at the upper left. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Peter rests against a tree with a book and a key in hand, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by crucifixion. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the clouds at the upper left. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Illustrating Paul's letter to the Galatians, this engraving shows the apostle with his attribute the sword (here, two swords) passing along a letter to a messenger (note his equipment for his journey: hat, sword, and shoes). -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Paul sits at a writing desk and distates to another man at another writing desk nearby and with pen and a book before him. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Here the Apostle Paul appears with his attributes -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Matthias stands with book in hand and his attribute the axe, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by beheading. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is on the blade of the axe. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Matthew stands with a builder's square in hand, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by decapitation. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is on the tree limb at the upper right. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Judas Thadeus stands with his attribute the club, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by beating. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the upper right. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Here the Apostle John passes a letter to a messenger. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle John makes the sign of blessing, as he holds a cup with serpent. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the clouds at the upper right. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle John works at his writing desk, with the eagle, his attribute nearby -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle John sits and gazes at a vision of the Madonna and child, as he writes in a book. His attribute, an eagle, stands nearby. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle James Minor or James, the Less, stands with book in hand and his attribute the fuller's club, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by being thrown from a parapet and then beaten with a fuller's club. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the uppe... -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle James the Greater stands with staff in hand and wearing his characteristic pilgrim's hat, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom by beheading. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the clouds at the upper right. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Bartholomew stands with book and knife in hand, while in the background is depicted his own martyrdom. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is in the clouds at the upper right. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Andrew stands alongside the diagonal cross with book in hand, while in the background is depicted his own martrydom by crucifixion. The monogram of the artist, Virgil Solis (1514-1562), is on the upper left end of the cross. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The angel Gabriel announces to Mary that she will conceive a child by the Holy Spirit -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The angel Gabriel announces to Mary that she will be the mother of Jesus -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: As Mary prays, the archangel Gabriel appears and the Holy Spirit descends on her in the form of a dove -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: As Saul kneels with scepter in hand, Samuel anoints him. Attendants stand nearby, one with a crown. A castle appears in the background. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Ezekiel's vision of the altar in the Temple. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Job, naked and covered with sores, sits before his wife. His possessions burn in the background, and the two men (left) who are departing may be messengers who had brought him news of the disasters befalling him -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The 144,000. Angels hovering with cross and sword hold back the four winds of the earth -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Satan tempts Jesus at the end of Jesus' fast in the wilderness -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Jesus is tempted by the devil (a hairy figure with horns, a tail, and breasts) in the wilderness. In the foreground the devil presents Jesus with a loaf of bread (similarly-shaped stones are scattered on the ground nearby), and in the background there are fields and a city, with Jesus, the tempte... -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Matthew 4 reports that Jesus was tempted by Satan in the wilderness -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Shown are the laver, bowls, altar, and other utensils used in the sacrificial cult. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Two screens (one full, one partial) inside tabernacle. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Full screen with cherub design on the stone pavement outside the tabernacle and surrounded by a fence. A city is shown in the background. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: A rendering of the tabernacle. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: With a city in the background, there is shown the tabernacle with the menora and other furnishings inside it, the laver and altar before it on the stone pavement, and a curtain/wall circumscribing it. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Jesus teaches his disciples and others about the stoning of the prophets; the scene to the right may depict the stoning of Stephen and Saul of Tarsus (Paul) holding the garments of those casting the stones -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: In Matthew 23, Jesus rebuked his audience for their ancestors' stoning of God's prophets -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The six steps to Solomon's throne were decorated with lions. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: A two-dimensional diagram of Solomon's Temple -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The palace of Solomon, surrounded by the walls and gates of Jerusalem. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Queen of Sheba visits King Solomon -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Solomon kneels before the menora/candelabra in prayer, with his crown on his head but his scepter on the floor. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: As Lot is led away from Sodom and Gomorrah by two angels, his two daughters trailing behind, the pillar of salt that once was his wife is visible on the road at a distanceand and fire rains from heaven on the cities -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This representation of sixteenth century worship features a preacher before his congregation -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Jesus Christ collapses under the weight of the cross, is helped by Simon of Cyrene, and is surrounded by a crowd and armed guards; Jerusalem is in the background. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: When Mary presented the infant Jesus in the Temple, Simeon proclaimed to her, "…a sword will pierce through your own soul…" (RSV). Note the date 1523 and the artist's monogram "VS" -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Jesus teaches his disciples about the signs that will precede the End and notes its doom for nursing mothers (left) -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Pharisees and Herodians, arrayed in impressive robes and hats, approach Jesus and his disciples and present him with a coin and the question about paying taxes to Caesar -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This miniature version of the seven-headed Luther imitates that used in 1529 by J. Cochlaeus in his attacks on the reformer -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Jesus Christ with the crown of thorns on his head and a guard at either side appears at a window. Soldiers stand outside, where a cross has been prepared -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Electoral arms of Saxony are shown on the left, and the Ducal arms of Saxony are on the right -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498) works at his writing desk -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: After the Philistine victory over Israel on Mt. Gilboa, a Philistine soldier leaves the battlefield with the dead lying all about and carries away his sword and shield and the head of King Saul. Shown in the Temple for the Philistine gods nearby is Saul's armor and sword hanging on the wall, as a... -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: As Saul of Tarsus (later, the Apostle Paul) rides to Damascus on a donkey, he is stricken with blindness. A city is visible in the background,items are falling toward him from heaven -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Saul of Tarsus (Paul) receives letters from the high priest in Jerusalem that will allow him to arrest Christians in Damascus. As he travels to Damascus, Jesus appears in the heavens to Saul, who is prone on the ground and surrounded by the guards who accompanied him -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Sarah asks Abram for permision to dismiss Hagar due to her jealousy -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The printer's device for Johannes Crato (d. 1578) shows Samuel anointing David with oil from a ram's horn, as David kneels in prayer before him -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: This historiated title-page border shows Samson slaying a lion and has its roots in Albrecht Dürer’s woodcut "Simsons Kampf mit dem Löwen." -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: With the jawbone of an ass Samson slays Philistine soldiers. After tying torches to the tails of foxes, Samson releases them into Philistine grain fields. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Samson tears off the city gates of Gaza and carried them away on his back. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Here the Apostle Peter, the characteristic key in hand, receives a sealed envelope from a messenger. As often is the case in the illustrations of this 1547 Bible, the messenger is shod but the saint is not. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle Paul is at a desk writing, with his attribute, the sword, across his lap. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Matthew sits at a desk and writes in a book, and an angel appears nearby. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Here the Evangelist Matthew writes his gospel account, receiving inspiratiion from the angel that appears outside his window. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Mark the Evangelist sits at a writing table composing his gospel account, as the Holy Spirit appears outside the window in the form of a dove. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Mark sits at a desk with a book open before him, as a winged lion is positioned before the desk -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Mark sits at a desk and writes in a book, as a lion with luminous head lies nearby. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Luke the Evangelist sits at his writing desk, composing his gospel account. At his feet rests his attribute, the winged ox, and out the window is a crucifix with the angels. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Luke sits at a desk with a book open before him, as an ox reclines before the desk -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Luke sits at a desk and writes in a book, as an ox with luminous head lies nearby. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle John sits at a desk with a book, as an eagle stands before him -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle John sits in a pastoral setting with book in hand and his attribute, the eagle, nearby, as he looks upward at a vision of Jesus in the clouds -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: The Apostle John sits and gazes at a vision of the Madonna and child, as he writes in a book. His attribute, an eagle, stands nearby. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Saint Jerome strikes himself with a stone, while gazing at a cruficix. A lion is at his feet, the cardinal's hat nearby, and a city is visible in the background. Hieronymus (or 'Jerome') Hölzel (the printer; fl. 1500-1525) regarded St. Jerome as his patron saint -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Here Saint James, with staff in hand, receives a sealed envelope from a messenger. As often is the case in the illustrations of this 1547 Bible, the messenger is shod but the saint is not -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: An ornamental title-page border frames St. Francis receiving the stigmata with another figure--possibly Brother Leo--looking on -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: Abraham holds a sword overhead, about to slay his son Isaac, when an angel intervenes. To the side is a ram, horns entangled in a thicket, and a pot of coals for the sacrifice. This is one of several full-page woodcuts, perhaps prepared by Lucas Cranach for Luther’s translation of the Old Testament. -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: A rendering of Boaz, Naomi, and Ruth (?) -
Contributing Institution: Pitts Theology Library Description: An initial letter Z, showing reapers in the field, among whom are Ruth and Naomi.